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%\maketitle
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\vspace*{2.0truecm}
\begin{center}
{\Large \bf
%\vspace*{1.5truecm} \\
\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.9cm} Enabling Simulation and Information Technologies  \\
%\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.3cm} Information Technologies  \\
\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.9cm} Solutions Schemes and   \\
\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.9cm} Challenges for Very large Models  \\
%\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.9cm} Distributed Memory Parallel Computations  \\
%\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.9cm} with OpenSees  \\
%\rule[-3mm]{0cm}{1.3cm} The Plastic Domain Decomposition Method \\
}
\end{center}
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\vspace*{3.0truecm}


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\begin{large}
\begin{center}
{\bf Boris Jeremi{\' c}}
\end{center}
\end{large}

\vspace*{-0.50truecm}

\begin{small}
\begin{center}
{Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering }\\
{University of California, Davis}\\
\end{center}
\end{small}

%


%  \begin{small}
%  
%  \begin{description}
%  %\item  Supported  in  part    by  the  NSF--PEER \#~EEC-9701568,
%  %Cal--EPA \#~99-01337V,
%  \item     Supported    in    part        by    the    NSF, PEER,
%  Caltrans, and Cal--EPA.
%  
%  \item Collaborators:
%  Professors
%  Zhaohui Yang (UAA),
%  Sashi Kunnath (UCD),
%  %Bruce Kutter (UCD),
%  Gregory  Fenves  (UCB),
%  Jacobo Bielak (CMU),
%  %Bernd Hamann  (UCD),
%  Zhaojun  Bai  (UCD),
%  George Karypis (UMN),
%  Drs.
%  Francis  McKenna  (UCB),
%  Ingrid Hotz (UCD),
%  and
%  graduate  students
%  Xiaoyan Wu (UCD)
%  Ritu Jain (UCD),
%  Zhao Cheng (UCD),
%  Kallol Sett (UCD),
%  Qing Liu (UCD),
%  Jinxiu Liao (UCD).
%  Guanzhou Jie (UCD).
%  \end{description}
%  
%  \end{small}
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\slide{Motivation}


\begin{large}


\begin{itemize}


%\vspace*{0.3cm}
\item  Create  high  fidelity  models of constructed facilities
(bridges, buildings, port structures, dams...).

%\vspace*{0.3cm}
\item Models will live concurrently  with  the  physical  system
they  represent.

%\vspace*{0.3cm}
\item Models to provide  owners  and  operators  with  the
capabilities to assess operations and future performance.

%\vspace*{0.3cm}
\item  Use  observed  performance  to update and validate models
through simulations.

\vspace*{0.8cm}
\item  Niklaus Wirth's Law (NK of Pascal and Modula fame):
{\it  Software is slowing faster than the hardware is accelerating}

\item in other words: \\ \hspace*{4cm}{\it Moore giveth, and OpenSees taketh away.} 
%{\gray{Groves giveth, and Gates taketh away.}} 

\end{itemize}
\end{large}
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\slide{Application Domain}

\begin{large}



\vspace*{0.3cm}

\begin{figure}[!h]
\begin{center}
%\vspace*{-2.5cm}
{\includegraphics[width=7.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Presentation/2004/VandV/VPI03.pdf}}
%\vspace*{-5.0cm}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

%\vspace*{-0.4cm}

\begin{itemize}
\vspace*{0.2cm}
 \item Inference $\Rightarrow$ Based on {\bf physics} or {\bf statistics}
\vspace*{0.2cm}
 \item  Validation domain $\rightarrow$ non--convex aggregation of tests 
\vspace*{0.2cm}
 \item Physical experiments provide for non--overlapping validation domain
\end{itemize}
                 qqqqqqqq

\end{large}

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\slide{Somewhat Detailed Models}


%\vspace*{-1.0cm}

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\begin{figure}[!htb]
%\vspace*{-14.1cm}
%\begin{center}
%\hspace*{16cm}
\hspace*{1.0cm}
{\includegraphics[height=7cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Presentation/2002/SFBayComputingDay/mpgs_s.jpg}}
{\includegraphics[height=7cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Presentation/2002/SFBayComputingDay/mpg_sup.jpg}}
%\hspace*{10.0cm}
\end{figure}


\vspace*{-8.2cm}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\hspace*{1.0cm}
{\includegraphics[width=7truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Conferences/2004/PEER/Presentations/Parallel/PileModel02.jpg}}
{\includegraphics[width=4truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2002/PBSE/section03D.jpg}}
\hspace*{1.0cm}
{\includegraphics[width=11truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Conferences/2004/PEER/Presentations/Parallel/I-880_SFSI_system.jpg}}
%\end{center}
%\vspace*{-0.3cm}
\end{figure}

\vspace*{-2.0cm}

\noindent


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\slide{Large Scale \\ Numerical Simulation Goal}
\begin{large}


\begin{itemize}

\vspace*{0.5cm}
\item  Scalable parallel finite element method for inelastic computations (solid
and structural elements)

%\vspace*{0.5cm}
%\item  Based on state of the art computational mechanics theories and implementation

\vspace*{0.5cm}
\item Available for a range of sequential and parallel machines, including
clusters, grids of machines and clusters (DMPs), and also multiprocessors (SMPs)


\vspace*{0.5cm}
\item  Public domain, portable platform.


\vspace*{0.5cm}
\item Extensible (directly usable!) to a wide area grids or resources

\end{itemize}

\end{large}



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\slide{Inelastic Parallel Problem}


\begin{large}

\vspace*{0.2truecm}


\begin{itemize}

\vspace*{0.2truecm}
\item Presence of elastic and inelastic \\ computational domains.

\vspace*{0.2truecm}
\item   Difference  in  computational  load  for \\
elastic  and  inelastic  state determination \\
leads to computational load imbalance


\vspace*{0.2truecm}
\item    This  leads  to imbalanced  computations, \\
very inefficient, not much gain \\
from using parallelization

\vspace*{0.2truecm}
\item  Internal state determination can \\
take as much as 80\% of CL


\end{itemize}


%
\begin{figure}[!htb]
\vspace*{-14.1cm}
\begin{center}
\hspace*{16cm}
{\includegraphics[width=8truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Presentation/2004/OpenSeesWorkshop/StagesIncrementsIterations.pdf}}
\end{center}
\vspace*{-0.3cm}
\end{figure}
\noindent




\end{large}

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\slide{Development of the Plastic Domain Decomposition}

%
\begin{large}

\begin{itemize}

\vspace*{0.2cm}
\item Based on work of Karypis et al.

\vspace*{0.2cm}
\item Multilevel  Graph Partitioning
  \begin{itemize}
    \item graph coarsening
    \item initial partitioning
    \item multilevel refinement
  \end{itemize}

\vspace*{0.2cm}
\item Par--METIS system

\vspace*{0.2cm}
\item Weighted graphs edges and graph nodes

\vspace*{0.2cm}
\item Zoltan framework used as an 
      interface layer for extensibility

\end{itemize}

\vspace*{-3.1cm}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\vspace*{-22.1cm}
\hspace*{15cm}
{\includegraphics[width=10.2cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Proposals/2002/Parallel01/gp.pdf}}
\vspace*{-0.3cm}
\end{figure}



\end{large}





% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%


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\slide{Plastic Domain Decomposition}

\begin{large}

\begin{itemize}

  \item Graph partitioning $\rightarrow$
  balance   multiple   phases   simultaneously,   while  also  minimizing  the
  inter-processor communications costs


  \item  It is a multi-objective optimization
  problem (minimize  both  the  inter-processor communications, the data
  redistribution  costs  and  create balanced  partitions)




%\vspace*{0.5cm}
  \item Take into the account (deterministic or probabilistic):

    \begin{itemize}
      \item heterogeneous element loads that change in each iteration

      \item heterogeneous processor performance (multiple generations nodes)

      \item inter-processor communications (LAN or WAN)

      \item data redistribution costs    


    \end{itemize}
  
  
% %\vspace*{0.5cm}
%       \item  Perform  global  optimization for both internal state determination
%       and system solution phases

% %\vspace*{0.5cm}
%       \item  Available  for  all  elements  (solid, structural) that provide the
%       interface (sendSelf, RecvSelf, timer or CL weight estimate)


%\vspace*{0.5cm}
  \item Follows standard interface (more or less)
  
  \item Works on SMPs, local DMPs, grids of computers

     
%  \item

\end{itemize}


\end{large}



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% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% \slide{PDD Implementation}
% 
% \begin{large}
% 
% \begin{itemize}
% 
%   \item  Internal state determination:
%     \begin{itemize}
%       \item  Use  lightweight  measurement  of each element performance (or provided
%       information on CL)
% 
%       \item    Use    lightweight  measurement  of network latency and bandwidth
%       (including local are and wide area networks)
%   
%       \item  Use information from previous incremental step to make PDD decisions
% 
%       \item    Question:  do  we  perform  PDD  for  each  iteration  (or  after few
%   iterations) or for each increment (or after few increments)
%     \end{itemize}
% 
% 
%   
%   
%       \item  System of equations solution (SES):
% 
%     \begin{itemize}
%       \item Use previous decomposition as much as possible
% 
%       \item might be somewhat imbalanced but it is OK if SES takes only 20\% of time
%   
%     \end{itemize}
% 
% 
% 
% %  \item
% 
% \end{itemize}
% 
% 
% \end{large}
% 
% 
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\slide{PDD Design}

%\vspace*{1.0cm}

\begin{large}
\begin{itemize}

\vspace*{1.0cm}
\item Work flow sequencing \\
(Rational Rose)


\vspace*{1.0cm}
\item Designed and tested on \\
a low budget local DMP \\
(LAN and WAN)

                          

\vspace*{1.0cm}
\item Extension to tasks other than \\
internal state determination \\ 
and SES  (remote data bases, \\
model discovery, visualization)


\end{itemize}

\vspace*{-16.6cm}


\begin{figure}[!h]
\vspace*{-0.6cm}
%\begin{center}
%{\includegraphics[width=6cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/thesis/fig/zoltansetupsd.pdf}}
%{\includegraphics[width=14cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/thesis/fig/partitionsd.pdf}}
%{\includegraphics[width=10cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/thesis/fig/partitionsubsd.pdf}}
\hspace*{11cm}
{\includegraphics[width=16cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/thesis/fig/repartitionsd.pdf}}
%{\includegraphics[width=6cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/thesis/fig/repartitionsubsd.pdf}}
%{\includegraphics[width=10cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/thesis/fig/partitionsub1sd.pdf}}
\vspace*{-4cm}
%\end{center}
\end{figure}


\vspace*{-2.6truecm}

\end{large}




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\slide{PDD: Elastic Decomposition}

\begin{large}

\begin{itemize}

  \item 16 subdomains, 
  \item approx. equal number of elastic elements per domain, 
  \item   minimized inter--domain boundary

  \item OpenSees $\Rightarrow$ Zoltan $\Rightarrow$ Par--METIS

%  \item

\end{itemize}


\end{large}

%\vspace*{-3.5cm}



%\vspace*{-3.5cm}


\begin{figure}[htb]
%\vspace*{-15.5cm}
\begin{center}
{\includegraphics[height=10.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/noweight.jpg}}
%{\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/10weight.jpg}}
%{\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/1000weight.jpg}}
\end{center}
\vspace{-9.5cm}
%\vspace*{-0.5cm}
\end{figure}
%




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\slide{PDD: Mild Plasticity}

\begin{large}

\begin{itemize}

  \item Small amount of plastic elements close to the pile


  \item Note smaller domain close to the pile

  \item Note also somewhat increased inter--domain boundary

\end{itemize}


\end{large}

%\vspace*{-3.5cm}



%\vspace*{-3.5cm}


\begin{figure}[htb]
%\vspace*{-15.5cm}
\begin{center}
%{\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/noweight.jpg}}
{\includegraphics[height=10.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/10weight.jpg}}
%{\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/1000weight.jpg}}
\end{center}
\vspace{-9.5cm}
%\vspace*{-0.5cm}
\end{figure}
%




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\slide{PDD: Severe Plasticity}

\begin{large}

\begin{itemize}

  \item Note small number of elements per CL heavy domains

  \item Note also two large, mostly elastic, subdomains 

  \item Good DD for internal state determination, but bad for SES

  \item Use graph--partitioner to optimize SES phase using info on imbalance and network speed

%  \item

\end{itemize}


\end{large}

%\vspace*{-3.5cm}



%\vspace*{-3.5cm}


\begin{figure}[htb]
\vspace*{-2.0cm}
\begin{center}
%{\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/noweight.jpg}}
%{\includegraphics[height=6.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/10weight.jpg}}
{\includegraphics[height=10.0cm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/RituJain/1000weight.jpg}}
\end{center}
\vspace{-8.9cm}
%\vspace*{-0.5cm}
\end{figure}
%




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\slide{Grid Services}

\begin{large}

\begin{itemize}

\vspace*{0.5cm}
  \item  In  addition  to  internal  state  determination  and solving system of
  equations, other computational jobs can be distributed

\vspace*{0.5cm}
  \item Data bases of 
    \begin{itemize}
      \item data bases of models 
      \item repositories of input motions 
      \item results storage providers
      \item visualization (post--processing, rendering)
    \end{itemize}

\vspace*{0.5cm}
  \item  A  multi--objective (slack) optimization  problem  on  larger scale 
  \begin{itemize}
    \item minimize network (inter--processor) communication
    \item minimize data and job redistribution cost
    \item balance computational work

  \end{itemize}


%\vspace*{0.5cm}
%  \item

%  \item

\end{itemize}


\end{large}




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%  \slide{Comprehend Output (Visualize)}
%  %
%  
%  \vspace*{1cm}
%  
%  \begin{figure}[!htb]
%  \begin{center}
%  {\includegraphics[height=10truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic71.pdf}}
%  %{\includegraphics[height=6truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic70.pdf}}
%  %{\includegraphics[height=6truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic62.pdf}}
%  %\\
%  %\vspace*{0.2cm}
%  %{\includegraphics[height=6truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic33.pdf}}
%  {\includegraphics[height=10truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic80.pdf}}
%  \end{center}
%  \vspace*{-1cm}
%  \end{figure}
%  %
%  \begin{large}
%  \begin{itemize}
%   \item Visualization providers
%  
%  \end{itemize}
%  %
%  \end{large}
%  
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\slide{Current Grid Resources}

\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\begin{center}
{\includegraphics[width=21truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Conferences/2003/ParallelManchester/Grid05.pdf}}
\end{center}
\vspace*{-1cm}
%\vspace*{-0.3cm}
\end{figure}
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\slide{Conclusions}

\vspace*{0.8cm}   

\begin{figure}[!htbp]
 \begin{center}
 \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic30.jpg}
 \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic80.jpg}
 \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/ZhaohuiYang/PileGroups/Plastified_3X3pg_skewCOLOR.jpg}
% \includegraphics[height=5.5truecm]{/home/jeremic/public_html/GeoWulf/GeoWulf_01_Nov2001a.jpg}
% \includegraphics[height=6.5truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Papers/2001/Visualization/pic71.jpg}
 \\                     \vspace*{0.2cm}
{\includegraphics[height=7.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Conferences/2004/PEER/Presentations/Parallel/DRMSeisimicAmplification.jpg}}
 \includegraphics[height=7.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/ZhaohuiYang/Cube/Cu2_1_pl_Inc07.jpg}
 \includegraphics[height=7.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Presentation/2003/PEER-Site-Visit/layering01.jpg}
% \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Reports/2001/PEER/FinalReport/sp2_stress_pile_isoSmall.jpg}
% \includegraphics[height=5.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Reports/2001/PEER/FinalReport/sp2_MQP_pile.jpg}
% \\
% \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/ZhaohuiYang/Cube/Cubic_el_05.jpg}
% \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Thesis/ZhaohuiYang/Cube/Cubic_pl_05.jpg}
% \includegraphics[height=6.0truecm]{/home/jeremic/tex/works/Conferences/2002/WCCM/Keynote/Present/p-version_slope.jpg}
 \end{center}
\end{figure}


% \begin{large}
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